Who is the developer of google chrome | Google Chrome free download
Google Chrome is a cross-platform web browser that Google created. It was initially launched for Microsoft Windows in 2008, and it was constructed with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. It was eventually ported to Linux, macOS, iOS, and Android, and is now the default browser on those platforms. The browser also acts as the platform for web apps in Chrome OS.
Although the majority of Chrome's source code is derived from Google's free and open-source software project Chromium, Chrome is licensed as proprietary freeware. Webkit was the initial rendering engine, but Google later forked it to build the Blink engine, which is now used by all Chrome variations except iOS.
According to StatCounter, as of October 2021, Chrome has a 68 percent worldwide browser market share (after peaking at 72.38 percent in November 2018) on personal computers (PC), is the most popular on tablets (having surpassed Safari), and is also dominant on smartphones, accounting for 65 percent across all platforms. Because of its success, Google has used the "Chrome" brand name to a variety of different devices, including Chrome OS, Chromecast, Chromebook, Chromebit, Chromebox, and Chromebase.
For six years, Google CEO Eric Schmidt fought against the creation of an independent web browser. He added that "at the time, Google was a little firm," and that he did not want to experience "bruising browser warfare." Schmidt stated that "it was so fantastic that it effectively drove me to alter my view" after co-founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page hired numerous Mozilla Firefox developers and developed a demonstration of Chrome.
The initial speculations about Google developing a web browser surfaced in September 2004. At the time, online journals and US media reported that Google was employing former Microsoft web engineers, among other people. It also coincided with the introduction of Mozilla Firefox 1.0, which was rapidly gaining popularity and eclipsing Internet Explorer, which had been plagued by security issues.
Sundar Pichai directed the browser's development beginning in 2006.
The release date was initially set for September 3, 2008, and a comic by Scott McCloud was to be distributed to journalists and bloggers to explain the new browser's features. Copies for Europe were supplied ahead of schedule, and German blogger Philipp Lenssen of Google Blogoscoped made a scanned copy of the 38-page comic available on his website on September 1, 2008.
Following that, Google made the comic available on Google Books and announced it on their official blog, along with an explanation for the early publication. As an original development project code name, the product was dubbed "Chrome" since it is linked with fast automobiles and speed. As one of the key goals was to decrease the user interface of Chrome, Google preserved the development project name as the final release name as a "cheeky" or satirical appellation.
On September 2, 2008, the browser was formally published as a beta version for Windows XP and newer, with support for 43 languages, and then as a "stable" public release on December 11, 2008. On the same day, a CNET news piece drew attention to a paragraph in the initial beta release's Terms of Service statement that appeared to offer Google a license to all information sent over the Chrome browser. This section was taken from the general Google terms of service. Google promptly replied to this criticism by claiming that the phrase used was copied from other products and removing this section from the Terms of Service.
Chrome swiftly earned roughly 1% of the market share. Following the initial increase, usage share fell to a low of 0.69 percent in October 2008. Chrome then began to rise again, and by December 2008, it had surpassed the 1% mark once more. CNET reported in early January 2009 that Google expected to release versions of Chrome for OS X and Linux in the first half of 2009.
On June 4, 2009, the first official Chrome OS X and Linux developer previews were launched, with a blog post explaining that they lacked many capabilities and were intended for early input rather than broad use. Google launched beta versions of Chrome for Mac and Linux in December 2009. On May 25, 2010, Google Chrome 5.0 was introduced as the first stable release that supported all three platforms.
Chrome was one of the twelve browsers available to European Economic Area Microsoft Windows users on BrowserChoice.EU in 2010.
Chrome was built with 25 separate code libraries from Google and third-party vendors such as Mozilla's Netscape Portable Runtime, Network Security Services, NPAPI (now deprecated as of version 45), and Skia Graphics Engine, SQLite, and a variety of other open-source projects. The V8 JavaScript virtual machine was deemed essential enough to be
broken off (as was Adobe/Tamarin) Mozilla's and handled by a separate Danish team led by Lars Bak in Aarhus. Existing solutions, according to Google, were developed "for tiny programs where system performance and interactivity were not that crucial," while online apps such as Gmail "are exploiting the web browser to the maximum when it comes to DOM manipulations and JavaScript."
Chrome first displayed web pages using the WebKit rendering engine. They cloned the WebCore component in 2013 to build their own layout engine, Blink. Blink, which is based on WebKit, only uses the "WebCore" components of WebKit, while replacing other components, such as its own multi-process architecture, in favor of WebKit's native
implementation. Chrome is internally tested via unit testing, automated testing of scripted user actions, fuzz testing, and WebKit's layout tests (which Chrome is said to have passed 99 percent of the time), and against frequently viewed websites in the Google index within 20–30 minutes.
Google developed Gears for Chrome, which introduced tools for web developers, generally related to the development of online apps, such as offline support. Google pulled off Gears once the same capability became accessible in HTML5 standards.
Google launched a new simpler logo in March 2011 to replace the old 3D logo that had been used since the project's beginning. "Since Chrome is all about making your web experience as straightforward and clutter-free as possible, we revamped the Chrome symbol to better convey these feelings," noted Google designer Steve Rura. A simpler symbol captures the Chrome idea of making the web faster, lighter, and easier for everyone.
On January 11, 2011, Chrome product manager Mike Jazayeri revealed that H.264 video codec support for its HTML5 player will be removed, citing the intention to put Google Chrome more in line with the currently available open codecs available in the Chromium project, on which Chrome is built. Despite this, Google released a version of Chrome for Windows on November 6, 2012, which included hardware-accelerated H.264 video decoding. Cisco said in October 2013 that it would open-sourcing its H.264 codecs and would reimburse all expenses.
Google Chrome Beta for Android 4.0 smartphones was released on February 7, 2012. Chrome is the default browser on many new smartphones that come with Android 4.1 or later preloaded. Google unveiled a version of Chrome for augmented reality and virtual reality devices in May 2017.
User Interface of Google Chrome
The primary user interface contains back, forward, refresh/cancel, and menu buttons by default. A home button is not displayed by default, but it may be enabled via the Settings page to transport the user to the new tab page or a custom home page.
Tabs, the core component of Chrome's user interface, have been relocated to the top of the window rather than beneath the controls. This modest alteration stands in stark contrast to many existing tabbed browsers, which are built on windows and feature tabs. Tabs and their states can be moved between window containers by dragging them. Each tab's controls, including the Omnibox, are unique.
The Omnibox is a URL box that combines the capabilities of the address bar and the search box. If a user inputs the URL of a previously searched site, Chrome allows the user to search the site again directly from the Omnibox by hitting Tab. When a user begins typing in the Omnibox, Chrome suggests previously visited sites (based on the URL or on-page
text), popular websites (not necessarily previously visited – driven by Google Instant), and popular searches. Although Instant may be disabled, recommendations based on previously visited websites cannot be disabled. Chrome will also autocomplete the URLs of frequently visited websites. When a user puts keywords into the Omnibox that do not match any previously visited websites and pushes enter, Chrome searches using the default search engine.
Chrome users may create local desktop shortcuts that launch online apps in the browser. When launched in this manner, the browser has no conventional interface save for the title bar, so as not to "disrupt everything the user is attempting to perform." This enables online apps to coexist with local software (similar to Mozilla Prism and Fluid).
According to Google, this capability will be extended with the Chrome Web Store, a one-stop web-based web applications directory that debuted in December 2010.
Google began developing Chrome applications "for your desktop" in September 2013. This meant offline access, desktop shortcuts, and reduced reliance on Chrome—apps run in a separate window from Chrome and appear more like native applications.
The Chrome Online Store, which was announced on December 7, 2010, allows users to install web programs as browser extensions. While most of these extensions act merely as links to popular web pages and/or games, certain apps, such as Springpad, do provide extra functionality such as offline access. Themes and extensions are also firmly integrated into the new store, allowing customers to search the complete inventory of Chrome add-ons.
With the release of Google Chrome 9.0 on February 11, 2011, the Chrome Web Store was launched.
The V8 JavaScript engine, which is utilized by Chrome, provides capabilities such as dynamic code generation, concealed class transitions, and precision garbage collection.
In 2008, some websites used the SunSpider JavaScript Benchmark tool as well as Google's own set of computationally intensive benchmarks, which included ray tracing and constraint solving.
They unanimously reported that Chrome outperformed all competitors evaluated, including Safari (for Windows), Firefox 3.0, Internet Explorer 7, Opera, and Internet Explorer 8. However, according to independent JavaScript speed tests conducted on October 11, 2010, Chrome has been behind Opera's Presto engine since version 10.5.
On September 3, 2008, Mozilla reacted by claiming that their own TraceMonkey JavaScript engine (then in beta) was quicker than Chrome's V8 engine in several tests. Mozilla's JavaScript advocate, John Resig, remarked on the performance of several browsers on
Google's own suite, noting on Chrome's "decimation" of the other browsers, although also questioned if Google's suite was indicative of real applications. He claimed that Firefox 3.0 performed badly on recursion-intensive benchmarks such as Google's because the Mozilla team had not yet incorporated recursion-tracing.
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